
In the 12th century, the most powerful vassals of the King of France were the English rulers. Henry II Plantagenet and Eleanor of Aquitaine who got married in…

Eleanor added her vast duchy of Aquitaine at the expense of her former husband, French King Louis Vll, when their wedding was annulled in March 1152. The snub…

The confrontation between the two crowns could not be avoided and became a reality between their heirs. Philip ll Augustus (1180-1223) conquered fortified town…

Richard did not enjoy for long this defensive system around the castle of the Rock, later called Chateau Gaillard, because he died the following year at the…